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IRIX Base Documentation 1998 November
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IRIX 6.5.2 Base Documentation November 1998.img
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1998-10-20
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133 lines
ppppaaaasssstttteeee((((1111)))) ppppaaaasssstttteeee((((1111))))
NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
_pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee - merge same lines of several files or subsequent lines of one file
SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
_pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee _----|_f_i_l_e_1 _----|_f_i_l_e_2 . . .
_pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee _----_dddd_l_i_s_t _----|_f_i_l_e_1 _----|_f_i_l_e_2 . . .
_pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee _----_ssss _[[[[_----_dddd_l_i_s_t] _----|_f_i_l_e_1 . . .
DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
In the first two forms, _pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee concatenates corresponding lines of the
given input files _f_i_l_e_1, _f_i_l_e_2, and so on. It treats each file as a
column or columns of a table and pastes them together horizontally
(parallel merging). If you will, it is the counterpart of _cccc_aaaa_tttt(1) which
concatenates vertically, that is, one file after the other. In the last
form above, _pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee replaces the function of an older command with the same
name by combining subsequent lines of the input file (serial merging).
If more than one file is specified with the _----_ssss option, _pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee(1)
concatenates the merged files one below the other. In all cases, lines
are glued together with the _t_a_b character, or with characters from an
optionally specified _l_i_s_t. Output is to the standard output, so it can
be used as the start of a pipe, or as a filter, if _---- is used in place of
a file name. _pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee processes supplementary code set characters in _f_i_l_e_s,
and recognizes supplementary code set characters in the _l_i_s_t given to the
_----_dddd option (see below) according to the locale specified in the _LLLL_CCCC______CCCC_TTTT_YYYY_PPPP_EEEE
environment variable [see _LLLL_AAAA_NNNN_GGGG on _eeee_nnnn_vvvv_iiii_rrrr_oooo_nnnn(5)].
The meanings of the options are:
_----_dddd Without this option, the new-line characters of each but the last
file (or last line in case of the _----_ssss option) are replaced by a _t_a_b
character. This option allows replacing the _t_a_b character by one or
more alternate characters (see below).
_l_i_s_t One or more characters immediately following _----_dddd replace the default
_t_a_b as the line concatenation character. The list is used
sequentially and circularly: first, the first element on the list is
used to concatenate the lines, then the next, and so on; when all
elements have been used, the list is reused starting from the first
element. In parallel merging (that is, no _----_ssss option), the lines
from the last file are always terminated with a new-line character,
not from the _l_i_s_t. The list may contain the special escape
sequences: _\\\\_nnnn (new-line), _\\\\_tttt (tab), _\\\\_\\\\ (backslash), and _\\\\_0000 (empty
string, not a null character). Quoting may be necessary, if
characters have special meaning to the shell (for example, to get
one backslash, use -_d"\\\\" ). _l_i_s_t may contain supplementary code
set characters.
_----_ssss Merge subsequent lines rather than one from each input file. Use
_t_a_b for concatenation, unless a _l_i_s_t is specified with _----_dddd option.
Regardless of the _l_i_s_t, the very last character of the file is
forced to be a new-line.
PPPPaaaaggggeeee 1111
ppppaaaasssstttteeee((((1111)))) ppppaaaasssstttteeee((((1111))))
_---- May be used in place of any file name, to read a line from the
standard input. (There is no prompting).
EEEEXXXXAAAAMMMMPPPPLLLLEEEESSSS
_llll_ssss _|||| _pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee _----_dddd_"""" _"""" _----
Lists directory in one column
_llll_ssss _|||| _pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee _---- _---- _---- _----
Lists directory in four columns
_pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee _----_dddd_""""_\\\\_tttt_\\\\_nnnn_"""" _f_i_l_e_1 _f_i_l_e_2
Lists _f_i_l_e_1 in column 1 and _f_i_l_e_2 in column 2. The
columns are separated by a tab.
_pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee _----_ssss _----_dddd_""""_\\\\_tttt_\\\\_nnnn_"""" _f_i_l_e_1 _f_i_l_e_2
Merges pairs of subsequent lines first in _f_i_l_e_1, then in
_f_i_l_e_2. Concatenates the merged _f_i_l_e_2 below _f_i_l_e_1.
FFFFIIIILLLLEEEESSSS
_////_uuuu_ssss_rrrr_////_llll_iiii_bbbb_////_llll_oooo_cccc_aaaa_llll_eeee_////_l_o_c_a_l_e_////_LLLL_CCCC______MMMM_EEEE_SSSS_SSSS_AAAA_GGGG_EEEE_SSSS_////_uuuu_xxxx_dddd_ffff_mmmm
language-specific message file [See _LLLL_AAAA_NNNN_GGGG on _eeee_nnnn_vvvv_iiii_rrrr_oooo_nnnn(5).]
SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
_cccc_uuuu_tttt(1), _gggg_rrrr_eeee_pppp(1), _pppp_rrrr(1)
DDDDIIIIAAAAGGGGNNNNOOOOSSSSTTTTIIIICCCCSSSS
_UUUU_XXXX_::::_pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee_::::_EEEE_RRRR_RRRR_OOOO_RRRR_::::_llll_iiii_nnnn_eeee _tttt_oooo_oooo _llll_oooo_nnnn_gggg
Output lines are restricted to 4096 bytes.
_UUUU_XXXX_::::_pppp_aaaa_ssss_tttt_eeee_::::_EEEE_RRRR_RRRR_OOOO_RRRR_::::_tttt_oooo_oooo _mmmm_aaaa_nnnn_yyyy _ffff_iiii_llll_eeee_ssss
Except for _----_ssss option, no more than 12 input files may be specified.
PPPPaaaaggggeeee 2222